The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 5

THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN TUESDAY SEPTEMBER 2 1958 5 British Association THE BACKGROUND OF NOTTING HILL Outsiders taking a hand? By our London Staff Few aged parents left in loneliness TIES OF KINSHIP IN THE SUBURBS From our Special Correspondent Glasgow, Monday. who held the centre of the stage in Mum." that splendid matriarch Bethnar Green." And, in general, kin-of the British working class, as she ship relations were less intense in the has been portrayed in recent reports far the SSSLTS SfnUrS a'naroreachTffi looking whites pile out of the exit to Australia and Canada. Underneath are these words, People of Kensington act now. Your country is worth fighting for. Fight with the Union Movement." There is no direct evidence that these pamphlets have set off the flame, but they were initially issued a month ago and it was then that the troubles began.

At a branch office of the Union Movement in Victoria, a man said the pamphlets had been prepared for the Kensington branch. He denied that the wording was inflamatory and said that it was obvious that the action demanded was meant to be political. When asked whether the movement would now issue a pamphlet demanding non-violence and pointing out that the movement deprecated riots (which he said it did), he replied "That is a matter that must be left in abeyance." The officers from the welfare service admit that there may be real resentment that white girls go coloured men. but they do not believe that the proportion of West Indians who keen brothels and send their girls on to the streets as prostitutes is any greater than it is among the white men. They admit, too, that there may be real grounds for resentment over housing, for there have been cases of coloured landlords attempting to evict white tenants.

Tenancy problem jmiukj, ZVtlC houses. "But in the end these differ- sociological research by Mother. ences struck us less than the Mr Peter Willmott. assistant similarities," he said, director of the institute, in his report Unfortunately, of the "three to the psychology section to-day, said classes of people within the suburb, that his colleagues and he had now the so-called clerical class does not moved on from the overwhelmingly manage its family affairs so working-class area at Bethnal Green pleasantly. Mr Willmott divided these to a spread-out residential suburb classes into the professional (bank with broad green spaces and leafy managers, teachers, shop-avenues of semi-detached houses," keepers) the clerical (clerks, shop predominantly middle-class.

They assistants, commercial travellers, had wondered whether, in this suburb supervisors, foremen) and the on the outskirts of East London, old manual (plumbers, electricians, people might be isolated from their labourers). If there was one group children and other relatives, possibly of parents isolated from their creating an important social problem, children, it was the clerical. He said But it seemed that just as many lived "We found this puzzling until we with relatives as in Bethnal Green. examined: the occupational class of the Of the 200 old people questioned, children as well as the parents. We rf inhBalwith moLfox hU" erlSifflT were living with tnem, and most of themselves in a different class most of the married children living with their them being in professional or managerial parents did so because their- parents jobs, or married to men in these jobs, needed them.

On the whole it was out a few belonging to the manual class, the widowed, the very old. and those These were the children these 'mobile' in poor health who had joined up with Zen clerical-class parents who thplr mnrricH nhilrlrpn on whole lived farthest away and tneir married children. saw )east of their pems. Thjg relative it i isolation from the parents could not be Cleip trom relatlV es explained by the children's occupations It was the mothers not living with itLS. their children who differed from the 6 Nearer "Sw IbST Bethnal Green mums, much fewer of more" them living in the same or the next Mr Willmott said that one clue street to their relatives But again was Riven by the parents' own class they could hardly be described as origins.

They were themselves a isolated. Half of the old people not highly mobile group, only one or hying with a child had one within a two having had fathers who were in mile, and four-fifths of those with jobs of similar status to their own; children saw one or more of them at they had, in other words, either fallen least once a week. below or risen above their own They not only received help from origins. And it seemed to us that their relatives, they gave it. But the on the whole they were conscious of way that they gave it differed sub- this, were more anxious about the stantially from the methods of Bethnal niceties of social distinction, more Green One mother for her afraid of being looked down on.

than grand-daughter riding lessons while other old people generally." another mother, who had her tele- If this were so, he continued, it phone bills paid for her by her sons, would help to explain the attitude of said that they insisted on her havine the children. Rrnnoht nn in MISCELLANY Heligoland rebuilt Three pictures of the reconstructed island. On the lower left is the new Bremerstrasse like one of those new satellite towns, or a new shopping centre. It is actually a shopping centre for visitors, since the HOPPING ROUND A HILLOCK "The little people" Reports of fairies being seen in Scotland during recent years were referred to by Mr C. I.

Maclean, of the School of Scottish Studies in the anthronoloev section. Sneakimr or. modern age," Mr Maclean said that in many parts belief in witches died hard, esnwinllir in tVi Wostom especially tne western rlighlanas. Children who, less than ten years ago. claimed to have seen fairies were It has been an unhappy week-end for those who have at heart the peaceful integration of the West Indian population into" the life of London.

Although the fights, the vicious attacks and outbreaks of violence, which occurred on Saturday and Sunday night in the streets around Notting Hill Gate, were no surprise, they brought the same sense of shock that comes when a person, mortally ill, finally dies. The very nature ol the Notting Hill area must in part be responsible. In its streets violence and hooliganism have been a regular feature life for years. Gangs of youths have, for months past, roamed the streets on the week-end evenings, breaking windows and causing trouble of one sort or another. The houses, in more instances than not, are deplorable outside the plaster peels off, the woodwork has seen no paint for years, and the fiats into which they are divided are small and overcrowded.

The population of the district does not make it easy for a quiet, settled way of life to develop. Besides the three to four thousand West Indians, there are many Irish, often single men living in rooms, and large numbers of others whose roots are not in London and who find cheap rooms in which to live while they work there. Police attitude Thus the police are insisting that the disturbances are an extension of hooliganism rather than racial riots. They say that the new feature is that the youths are turning their attentions to the coloured population, and committing against them the same acts of violence that they have been of late inflicting on cafe proprietors, other gangs, and each other. Yet the reasons for this change, which has only become apparent in the last four weeks, have their roots in a deep-seated resentment which has been there for much Ipnger.

The British Caribbean Welfare Service officers, who have been watching Notting Hill Gate with aoprehension for some time, are convinced that there is a more sinister angle to the development. The gangs of youths, they believe, have been deliberately incited to cause trouble by those who have been trying to build i. i. i up resentment against wee, niuiaii immigration ever since it started. They say that the drivers of the cars, which on occasions have attempted to run down coloured people in the streets, have been driven by older men.

respectably dressed. The welfare service has copies of a parrrohlet brought them by West Indians, which has been issued by the Union Movement. It reads as follows. "Take action now. Protect your jobs.

StoD coloured immigration. Houses for white people not coloured immigrants. A square deal for the Negro in his own country." There is a drawing of a group of natives in native costum and carrying spears standing under a "Way In" notice? while a group of fine- MR OSBORNE ON "George Liverpool, Monday. Every artist, it has been said, spends his life painting the same picture: similarly every olavwrieht spends his life writing the same olay. For musicians, blessedly, there seems to be a dispensation from this treadmill.

George Dillon," which opened at the New Shakesoeare Theatre to-night, was the first version ot John Osborne's plav (written in collaboration with Anthony Creighton), though it has been the last to reach the West End. And here clearly is the tyoe from which Mr Osborne is fated to cast. Dillon is the hero "with the symptoms of talent," youngish in this play, very young as Jimrnv Porter, middle-aged as Archie Rice, but ait any age incapable of delivering the goods. Mrs Elliot is the mother figure, to be shadowed again in Mrs Tanner. Ruth Gray is the woman hell-bent for self-immolation, who crops up in both Look Back in Anger and The Entertainer." Here, too, is the marvellous ear for dialogue beside which the lines of most other Tjeoole writing for the stage to-day tMRTHPLACB oF A A day in Heligoland Exactly on the third pip of the B.C.'s one o'clock time signal on April 18, 1948, 7 000 tons of explosives were set off the underground defences and U-boat pressed in a British naval ship nine miles away, and the island was Its two thousand odd inhabitants were stll scattered along the coast ot Germany where they had been evacuated.

Most of their houses were destroyed by Allied bombs during the war. After the operation, bombing continued intermittently for five more years the R.A.F. used the deserted island for practice raids. Germans protested, and so did quite a number of M.P.s, until the island was returned to the Federal Republic on March 1 1952 For years to rebuild the bare, naked, rocky stump as a haven of peace for fishermen and holiday-makers. Mountains of rubble and hundreds of unexploded bombs had still to be removed, roads had to be made and shore defences to be erected, and the whole island was turned into one huge construction site.

By 1956 the first hundred new houses were occupied, and the visitor who now steps ashore finds a holiday resort in which literallv everv stone is new. So the telephone so they can ring up and see I all right." In the middle-class suburb, no less than at Bethnal Green, the great niajoruy 01 me agea ana innrm were being looked after, and it was usually ciuinLjr. in vYiuiiiun reportea xnai the link between the women, just as at "etnnai, ureen, was ttie cniel bond in icuicuiu suuic Qf the mothers made about daughters in the suburb had been reminiscent of those heard at Bethnal UI ran aujuuiis, its always to my daughter I fly, and she ZT PU me "stiu There are' urse- ereat differ- hotwroon Rthni rcrnor. ar. i miririle-rlass suburb.

Mr Willmntf snir? that "Mother" was not the dominant, organising figure the Mum perfectlv consistent in their descrip- reen. pr example, the widow of a apparently apply to the professional-tions. "They were visibly upset and terrified by their experience." he said. Thev riesr-rihed small nwinlo aKmit they -did not Tance lir walk however' Tf hS but went round a hillock with a mKn. ituyymg motion.

f10! mwing "witch" to the Wesferi Highfinds who used her cowers to counteract the "evil eye." Because of this she was known as a charmer." He continued "She was over 80 years of age. However, they point out that a West Indian's search for security will inevitably mean that he wants to own his own house. Very often, when he has saved the deposit, he will purchase a property without understandin that Jie will be unable to remove the occupants. This is something the welfare services tries to explain to each immigrant on arrival in the country, but when they have enough money to buy a house, the advice is forgotten. Then follows the noise, the insults, and abuse all with the pur pose driving the sitting tenants out so that the West Indian may have enough room for his family and his mends.

There is, too, resentment against the West Indian for his colourful and smart clothes, his flashy new car. and his apparent material success. But the West Indian saves only for these things not to take his family for a summer holiday to the seaside. He is also a great user of the hire-purchase system. Resentment builds up easily, and in Notting Hill Gate It can easily be turned into ugly action, nut wnat ever the causes, the unpleasant fact is that the welfare service must now report back to the West Indian press that the past few weeks have seen a rapid deterioration of racial relationships" and it cites evidence that "there is a consider able amount, of orovocation on the part of the irresponsible elements in the white community." The West Indian must know what to expect when he arrives, the officers say, for, unwarned, it would be a terrible shock for him to discover that such things could happen in Great Britain.

THE TREADMILL Dillon" are like the approximations of equal temper beside a violinist playing dead in tune. Here is the faultiness of the theatre that lets the author get away with nearly every cliche in the business, from the starving artist stricken with tuberculosis, a less potent symbol in aureomyon age than when Muni coughed her soul tunefully away," to the incipient shameful bundle in the third act. Not for a moment do we believe that Dillon's talent is genuine by selling his soul and rewriting his play at the bidding of a hick agent, he nas, one feels, produced a bad, cheap, effective piece instead of a bad, cheap, ineffective one. Never do we have tne sense a vital structure beneath the solicitous details. In a generally admirable production by Stuart Burge Katherine Parr, as the mother for whom Dillon represents her dead son.

and Sheila Burrell, as one of those women who are doomed to be a one-piece morl rescue unit, stand out, and Sandra Caron's teen-age daughter is quite frighteningly true to type. N. M. R. THOROUGHBRED NATURE A AN HOOKS THF SfllRNlXTSTS Misplaced confidence over Zeta is the smart and comfortable boat in insurmounitable difficulties, tries to com-which he has travelled from Hamburg or ort the sufferer by pointing to a notice Cuxhaven, the Wappen von Hamburg, built in 1955.

But the old Frisian fisher men lift him into their boat to take him across the choppy sea to the landing stage. No more lobsters No attempt has been made to reconstruct a rustic old fishing village. The new houses have plain and simple lines, and monotony has been avoided by the bold use of contrasting colours. The new Heligoland may be less gemutlich than the old, but it is prob ably lighter, cleaner, and more comfort- able. In fact, the place looks rather with her unmarried son.

In A confession that the discovery that This statement is interesting appearance she was a beautiful Zeta's neutrons were not thermo- because it conflicts with recent state-old lady with bright blue eyes and nuclear in origin had been a great ments of members of the Atomic a ready smile. She had all her disappointment to the scientists con- Energy Authority These have varied faculties and a rnuid that was most cerned, was made by Dr e. from assertions that the British Allibone, director of the A.E.I, workers to this field had never, gone She was reputed not only to have research laboratories, Aldermaston, beyond dispassionate agnosticism cured humans and animals when in his presidential address to the about the meaning of their first victims of the "evil eye," but physics section. He said that results to suggestions that the dis-also to have made the engines of before last January, when British covery of non-thenno-nuclear origin of motor vehicles go when it was work on thermo-nuclear reactions was neutrons from both Zeta and Sceptre-impossible to discover what had made public, the members of his own had not been disappointment but caused them to stop. group, as well as those at Harwell, had almost some kind of steo forward Mr Maclean said that he would not been fairly confident that they Nevertheless, Dr Allibone stressed mention names or districts as the had observed tree thermo-nuclear that the way in which it had been people concerned were either still reactions." Later it had turned out that proved possible to contain hot alive or only recently dead, and he did once again Nature appears to have deuterium gas in a system of magnetic not wish to cause offence.

fooled the scientists." fields was a major advance THE EARTH'S CRUST AND MANTLE "DER WILDSCHUETZ" AT EDINBURGH Stuttgart Opera By Philip Hope-Wallace The Stuttgart Slate Opera bmits itself to two Derformances only of Der TWi fi Wudschutz The first of them last night was not run, tnouen it was mucn enjoyed long-ago world ot the CJerman pnncipali-bv those present Anyone in doubt about ties a. Pre-Bismarck frolic which stands t. '(- island is outside the German Customs This absence of Customs duties un for tr nrt charges. Practically everything has to be brought to Heligoland nothing grows there except shops, hotels, and fam(Jus and Mn be found Qn menus of Hamburg restaurants but not, apparently, on the island itself. A policeman, asked for his advice, said quite frankly, You needn't worry they all come from Norway." Still, even if the lobsters have not survived, the new Heligoland is an impressive example of creative energy.

New plants are once mrr-. Fienrlnrit rt rt in nntut Ii r- The green growth the tall red cllffs white beach of its satellite island Dunen are thought to have suggested the Heligoland flag. Its Frisian motto is Green is dat Land Rood is de Kant Witt is de Sand, Dat is dat Wapen van't Hillige Land. Up the wall The troubles of others rarely assuage one's own. Nothing daunted, a prominent American official, when he has someone soobing on his shoulder about his pinned above his desk.

It reads Accord- ing to the New York Herald Tribune Failed in business '31 defeated for Legislature '32 again failed in business '33 elected to Legislature '34 sweet heart died '35 had nervous breakdown '36 defeated for Speaker '38 defeated for Elector '40 defeated for Congress '43 elected to Congress '46 defeated for Congress '48 defeated for Senate '55 defeated for Vice-President '56 defeated for Senate '58 elected President '60." This, the official explains, is his personal recipe for licking defeatism, It is a chronology of Abraham Lincoln. chandelier with their cues so that the confusion continues in the dark with the couples pairing off most unsuitably. This is a delicate piece of comedy set in the Camiccio" Rennert eets the best actme imaginable out of the little cast, among which Fritz It sch.1,ns-?rW Hf tty Plumacher as the countess, Fritz Wunder- bch as the tenor, Lore Wissman and Friedericke Sailer as the humble pawns in the game, made the best showing of all. Dr Leitner, who conducted, also brought out the best in the score with crisp and friendly playing from this excellent orchestra. The singing, generally tua well enougn.

MANCHESTER CATHEDRAL Tuesday 1 1 Maiica. 30 p.m Ereniontf MANCHESTER THEATRES, ETC. OPERA HOUSE I Ttali meek closed for rccfccoratlor. Next week at 7 Sat i and 8. PAT JtlKltwuuu.

HUBERT GREGG ia New Mrccat THEMU.Nf. Monday two teats for price of or-e, Scot 15 for eo -wcefcs at Mia Wed sat Z30 COVE-NT GARDEN ROYAL BALLET. A.E IO Box Office for jReperiolrc. Ballet. Price 15-.

12.F6. 10-. At-. No Monday cooceafton for ttiia attraction but conccsaicm prsce 5- to acliooa for Mats only. PALACE THEATRE.

Evff 7:5 Mat Wed and Sat. HbAiK-tue. ULUt es Abnilt aiAie. 'tn Florence Desmond prior Adeiprn Th London Sept 10 Next celc. 6.15 end SjO 'DIANA DORS LIBRARY THEATRE.

CEN 7J01 ro j-erfortnanees mt weelc. Toes September 16 For Three Weeks. Stanley Houebton's HINT) I. WAKES." HIPPODROME. ARDwick alOl 6 and S.S0 Ceemaentlaoy." REG DEXON, Pe-er Goocrwnent.

Nexi Week JIM MY SHAND AND HIS BAND ICE SKATING TO-DAY. 10-12. 2:6: 2-3. 216: 7-10. ICE PALACE.

BLA 9698 BELLE VVE GARDENS. ZOO. AQUARIUM, daily from IA a n. WRESTLING jtnij SPEEDWAY this Saturday 7 BRASS BAND" rflSTI-vr ihi IO am. Amusement Pars open flatly 1 ra.

REWORKS Free every Sat torn. Ban Re- taonnts. Cafes. Parties, any number (apply Catenae AOELPH1. aim 7611.) BEATRICE LILLIE aa AUNTIE MA.ME, Sept.

IO Comedy Boole cost. ALDWYdl. (Til Ih. 2.30 6404 I Mon -Frl B. S1L 5.30.

8 30. ETER SELLSKS. Jules MunsniQ. BKUUHAHA. Lausruerail me way." usa Mirror AMBASSADORS.

(Tent 11711 Eses 7 30. Tu 2 30 Sat. 5.15 i THE MOUSETRAP, by Aratha CBflsue. SIXTH DAZZLING VEAR. APOLLO.

2663 Esfs. 7 30. S. 5.30 snd 30. 2 JO.

Vivien Leiah. Ann Todd. Freda Jackson. In DUEL OF A7VGELS. dir.

by Jean-Louts CAMBRIDGE. (Tern 6056) Evas 8. TKu-s 2 45. Sat. 6 0 and S.40 BREATH OF SPRING.

"EASILY THE FUNNIEST, COMEDY OF THE YEAR T-ansfcmnc to Dtute of York's Mon. neat Sept. 8. CASINO. (Ger.

6877.1 Cinerama's 7 vtonders of ths World (Ul. Dir. 2.30. 6 0. 8 40.

O-cb. 2.5. 5 35. 8 15 COLISEUM. (Tern- 3161).

Last sreelc. Evil 7JSat 2 30. Sadler's Wells Open In THE MERRY WIDOW. Cottm Sept. 10 Ballet of ttta Mantoia da Cncrae.

COMEDY. (Wbl 2578 1 I A. 2.30. 3.30. 8-30 FIVE FINGER EXERCISE.

Brilllsnl." E. Sew Masterly MslL "Astoejsbttsc first ptay "-Star CRITERION. tWM 3216.1 Es at g. 30 Mat. Thurs 2JO.

Sals 5-30. 8.30 WILFRID HYDE WHITE SOT IN THE BOOK. Directed br Nu Pstrick, DRUttY LANE rTemoie Rsf SCO Jube Andrea -MY FAIR LADY. Stsntn HoBos-ar Evjs. 7-SO Matinees Wed.

and SaL 30 DUCHESS. ITem lit3.) Etbj. 7 30. S4L5 VS. 8 Th 2.4J RENES ASHERSON.

NIGEL STOCK. V. FARE8ROTHER. THE UNEXPECTED GUEST. AGATHA CHRISTIE'S brtlllsnt new aboduattit FORTUNE.

(Tern 2238 -F J. Sat. 5 30. SJC Micbitl Fenders. Donald Sarins AT THE DROP OF A HAT.

Aa aiicr-daneer Farraco. GARRICK. (Tent. 4601.1 -Th I. F.

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"Very fancy E. News. GLOBE. CGer 1592.3 Essss. ac 7.30.

Sat. 5 30 attd 1 30 Esarsm WlEttasas As A Bar Growiaa Us. From Dyssn Thomas Goraeotarty fusov Obserserjt Ao snmeose ssaxeas. Tisisea TiB Secueitsbcr CO HAYMARKET. (Wbl.

SSJJ1 Em. at 7.30. Wed. sod Sat. 23Q Ralph Kldnrdsoa.

Wcody HUsst as FLOWXXTNti br Sivben Bok. What is it like' beneath the surface of the earth? This is the question which Professor L. R. Wager, of the Oxford University Museum 'set out to answer in his presidential address in the geology section. He said that this question had been lent added interest recently by the proposal (made last autumn at a scientific meeting in Toronto) that a deep borehole should be drilled in some suitable part of the earth's surface to discover by direct observation just what was there.

The crust of the earth is the layer of siliceous material of which the con- tinents are formed, and is distinguished from the mantle by the layer of material which extends inwards to the molten core of the earth at a depth of about 2,900 kilometres, on the basis of seismological evidence. Professor Wager said that detailed evidence of conditions in the lower crust and upper mantle could only be where social advancement was the goal, where their Darents were snrtnllv insecure, they might well end up both keenly aware of the need to advance themselves socially and sensitive to any influences which might threaten their success. Mr Willmott therefore oiierea as me most piausiDie expiana- tion that- the mobile children of these "in between" parents kept at a dis- muue uduse mey were emoarrassea hv I'hoir ashamed of them. Possibly the reason why this did not f. "J1" na uwu culture, us own values, in a way that the homes of this inter- mediate class did not.

and that habits and attitudes were so deeply ingrained i LUa. Ml IV, I L1Q33 W1IU arhmworf rVMirrnHnnat seldom disown his family without at least some conflict of loyalties. rie went on to refer to one of the big questions which now have to be answered." One of the nieces of taUohat ZTr aSti'SSS: thffir actions was the fact that the amount of electrical power dissipated in the gg1" un to a temperature, in the region of five million degrees. Since the temperatures are now known to be lower than this, it is necessary 'o account for the disappearance of some of the discharge energy from the gas Dr Allibone suggested that this might occur by some form of wave motion along the circuit of the gas discharge in toroidal discharge tubes, High-speed photography of the Sceptre apparatus had shown that bright bars of light appeared to travel along the tube, and these might provide some mechanism for heat-loss to the wal's of the tube. Another possibility was that electrical arc-ing across tile walls of the tube might provide a path by which heat could be abstracted from the gas discharge proper.

STRATFORD-UPON-AVON SHAKES PEA RE MEMORIAL THEATRE V.ralord-urof,-AOa. 1958 SHAKESPEARE SEASON BOOK NOW' Seats 2(6-1616. ErenEnss 7.30. Mats. Weds Thurs and Sals.

2.30 Strallofd-ur-on-Ason 2371. EXHIBITIONS Recent Paintings. THEODORE MAJOR BRIAN BRADSHAW ALGL'ST ll-SWTEMBETt CRANE GALLERY. SOUTH K1VQ STREET MASCtlESTEK 2 DEA FORSYTH BROS. CEst.

1157) Yon sec inmted to the MIDDAY RECORD RECITALS HELO tVtHY WEDNESDAY PROM 12 45 to 2 0 pro in toe RECITAL HALL. 126 DEANSGA772. MANCHESTER. LONDON CINEMAS ACADEMY. 'Ger Until Sept.

11. Lawrenc. Olivier in Kleltard III (Ul. 12 35. 3.15.

6 0. 8-40 ASTORIA Cnar. Bo. (Ger. 535.) 2SD.

YEAR Michael Todds AROUND THE WORLD IN SO DAkS (Ul Daly at 2 30 and 8 Orcn. 13). 7 0 Sunda, 1 4 30 7) AM vi. hMkin. I.

CARLTON. Greiory Peck in THE BRAVADOS (A). oet-Teu rwro. ucemacope. taw.

rross 315.345 8 15 Last screening 9 7 CASING, toe- 6H77.) CUerasaa's 7 Wossssrs of tsss World 'L'). Ol)'. 2 30. 6.0. 8 40 Oreo.

2J. 3.35. 8. 15 CLItiON. (G-o 3737 1 Weeks aUm Stanley THF GODDESS (A) Frost 12 20.2 0.4 15.6.25 ao DOMINION.

Toe. Court Rd. (Mus 2176) Todd-AO Kodse-s and Hanxnersteln's SOUTH PACIFIC 1U). Wkdys 7 45. O-eb.

6 45 Sua 6 Orch 3 Mats. Toes. Wed Thur Sat 2 30 Orch. I 30 All seste Stable. EMPIRE.

'Ger 1234) IMITATION GENERAL (U with Glenn Ford. Red Buttons. Tama Els. Pror sramtDes daily at 10.30 3 IS. 5 45.

8.13 GAUMONT. Haymaricet. A TIME TO LOVE AND A TIME TO DIE (A) 12 30 3.IO JO, 110 I FTC. SO. TH.

Frank Sinatra, Tasy Curt. Kalsllo Wood. KINGS GO FORTH (A) 1 15. 3J3. 1 25.

8 J5. LONDON PAVILION. Blood of ds Vaaseera (Cotourl. Cert Sbowini at 10 20, 12 25. 4 30.

6 40. 9.10. ODEO.V. Lele. Sa, (Whs 6lllJ SEA PXIRV (A.

Soowiof at 1 15. 3 50. 6-30. 9.10. Doors at 12.50 ODLON.

Marble Arris. (Pad. SOU Elsie PrcsOey us KING CREOLE (A) At 3.40. 6.10 8.45 ODEO.N CINEMIRACLE. Tot.

Cel. Rd. fEtw. 845) WINDJAMMER fUl 2 30 7 45. Ocb 13.

7. S1.1 6ai Dri 6 Su bkble Cblldreti special ralea RITZ. (Ger .234 El.xabcth Taylor. MDnlfOmcry Chit IC1 Pa'rk. Eta Marie Same in RAINTREE COUNTY rAi Proe-asimes 10.35 1.3d.

4 40. 7 45 STLDIO ONE. ICE COLD IN ALEX (A). WHO Jrhn Mils Silt's Sims. Aatnony Quaylc.

Harry Andreas At 12 50. 3I 6 5. 8 45 Doors open 12J0. WARNER. Ger 3423) Csry Gtsm.

Isrid Berimau in INDISCREET (A). Technicolor Provrscotnes 10 0, 11 2 3 5 5 25. 8 15 Last soteeolna 93) ART EXHIBITIONS LEICESTER GALLERIES. Lcaocstor So. Pas B.

ARTISTS OP FAU2 AND HOMO. Sacs. 10-1, MANCHESTER CINEMAS inferred with considerable uncertainty from observations of the properties of accessible rocks, but thought it was now widely accepted that the tempera- ture at a depth of 50 kilometres was abu 'Mdeg. centigrade far below the melting point of the rocks. One important and puzzling source of uncertainty, he said, was the recent discovery that the rate at which heat was lost through the floor of the Pacific was as great as that from the surface of the continents, in spite of the common supposition that most of the earth's radio-activity is concen- trated in the crust.

Professor Wager said that of the rocks which were accessible from the surface, only. those which were rich in the mineral olivine mainly peridotite and dunite were likely to have the necessary physical properties to form a molten rock or magma similar to that likely to be present in the earth's mantle. MANCHESTER AND SALFORD FILM SOCIETY to Members 1951-9 SEASON" SatmnUv the Green Root. Theft'C, Cbesaw)e flxtrixxJ Oom Street Crape, 13 llih OzzoDcr Blh NcLibc 6Ch December HENRY tBr.lftln) A GIRL IN BLACK COccce) L5 E.NPANTS lERKIBLES Fraujcel OLE SOLDI DI SPERA.NZA 31 at Jaut7 I MIL ViU) 0K fUJ A 28th Fet-i- 1 'Fraacei JCHLK AND GEK fUJ3 I THE MEDIUM (Iiift.USA) 1 AMELIA AND THE ANGfcl. I KAN AL fFoinndl Membership Invited for shoas St 2 30.

5 15. ana 3 -n iutecriouons ls'6 tul! IOi- has" season, reduced rase de- s-uoeryts Pcrsoiai ateutcatvon to Giob's Sookahoo. Kl Moslrr Street. Manchester, or tr, post feoto Miss H. Rose.

IS Grtioze Aveauc. SireaTord. VICTORIA PALACE rvic. 1317) 6 '5 it 8 45 Bill Mavrtard and Bill Ker- 1-. He corned "WbodaoK" OU.

TOO, CAN HAS A BODY. F-offl MoT. Sen'embe- 15 Charlie Cheste- ttmtee ou to take POT LUCK. WESTMINSTER (Vic 02S Lst K0 Th 5 30 Last 2 weeks ot ny Othrr Bminess A fasc.tat nt Who etict n-osb esc tir.J Toes The J. eioust pttealc in London imtTc-ic)v enyabrf The Sketco WHITEHALL.

(WTsl 6692 7 30. 2.30. Sat 5 15. a 15 Bnar Rls Leo Franklyn SLMPLE SPYMEN. WINDMILL.

Piee Clre 27tb rr 2Ay-h ed week) Cont 12 15-10 35 Law. pert 9 m. A an Disun Production We Neser aossd." WINTER GARDEN. (Hoi SIM 1 Ens 7 45. Th.

2 45. Sst 5 30 50 Foilee Bcrrere, All Fresefa resuc WYNDHAM-S. rTem 3U2 1 Eras 30. 51U 30 and 8J0 Matt Wees at 2 30. THE BOY FRIEND.

OPERA AND BALLET COVENT GARDEN. THE ROYAL BALLET. Esjs 7 30 Mat Sata 2-3t "I Lady snd taw Pool. Glsrfl with Fonteyn. Somes Wed.

Agon. Rlnaldo It Arm ids Rc 1 1 Lae des Cranes Acs 2 Guest Artwts ChaUTtrc. Rss-cne, Thur. SleeplnB Ileaary. Fri Rloaldo aad Annida Lae das Cyanes Act 2 Guest Artists CbauvL-e.

RawLnc Firebird. Sat (Mat Lady and tba FooL Gtselle. Sat (Eva Lady aad tbe Fool. Sylpbides. Firebird.

Cor :066 ROYAL FESTIVAL HALL. 3i(! FESTIVAL BALLET. To-nht at s. S)Vpbldrs and Dylnk hitan 'Maraors), Syxnpb. for Fun.

Etudes. V.ed 2 30 Swan Lake. Nutcracker Suite, Stmpb. for Fun. Ued at (and Thur and Frl.

st Si. Swan Lake. Witch Boy. Grad. BaB.

SADLER'S WELLS. (Tee. 1672.1 Es 7. Mat. Sals 2-30.

FclJka PsrneU's BALLET FROM POLAND. Sept. a lor 2 weeks ordy BALLET RaMBLRI. LONDON CONCERTS ROYAL ALBERT HALL, HENRY WOOD PROMENADE CONCERTS. Filthily Icacept Sun) at 7.30.

Tickets at Hail (JCea. 82123 and Aiccts. tne secono is recommended to go. You might easily hear Lortzing better sung but you are unlikely to see him better produced. The beautiful settings, devised bv Alfred Sierke.

and the comic invention of the second act in particular, which is the work of Gunther Rennert, are a delight to our eves and our sense of the theatre. The billiard-room in the castle, in. the sham Greek style beloved of the Gbttingen school, is a little masterpiece, me ouemus taoieau or tne nousenoio itaif. from cook to coachman, slumped in various attitudes of dejection, while their mistress, declaims bophocles at them, is as witty a thing as we have seen on the operatic stage in Edinburgh. But the music, though it smiles, does not often sparkle.

That oerhaos is why there were empty seats. Anyway, Lortzing, even in his best opera and there can be no question that this is superior even to Czar and Carpenter," lacks cachet for us British. If it was Stravinsky the house might be full. But we can hardly expect much of a rush to hear a neatly turned soecimen of operatic craft as such. The interest in opera is not yet so large.

But perhaps it is too simple to write off this opera as Don Pasquale for the Germans. Lortzing knew his Mozart and his Weber (one reason why this opera fits so nicely into the Stuttgart contribution to the Festival). There is real musical characterisation. If the famous buffo aria "Five thousand dollars is only an exercise in the comic natter derived from Rossini, there is a touch of operatic genius in the quintet whicn occurs in the billiard-room, where two amorous eentlemen ihe. wifo nf n- of them, a clumsy old schoolmaster, and a young widow masquerading as a peasant pursue a complicated pattern of flirtation and misunderstanding, which is brought to a head when the billiard players, coming to blows, knock out the HOLIDAY PHOTOGRAPHS Entries invited for our holiday photographic competition in Home' Foreign and "Younger" classes (for under 17s).

Rules and full details aooearcd in the paper on Monday, luly 14, and will appear each Monday until the contest closes on September 12. HOLIDAY PHOTOGRAPHIC COMPETITION Manchester Guardian," 3 Cross Street. Manchejter 1 Name Addrejt Dat Number of ntrlssi In Home Foreign Younger Ag (W in "Younger "5 dual rm C1NFFHONE. Marts! St. Grand Prix Winner Cannes.

1956 I Pather Pancball (Ul. Tba JimsJe Beyond. GAL-MONT. Oxford Street. CEN 1323.

CEN 508. In TODD-AO. Rodgers snd Hamrrjersteto's SOUTH PACIFIC All teats bookable. Loies Circle 76. 516.

Stalls 5'6 316 Evenlnss ar 7 m. Mat Wed. Sat 2 20 Sun. at 2 30 6 IS ODFoy Oxford St. Com 12 30.

K. Douglas. Tony Curtis Janet Letlh THE VIKINGS (A). Tecbnlrama 12 IS 3. 3-50.

8 45. Alio Tin TrarsI Cam. (Ul OXFORD ICen 3a0: Second Week Elizabetb Taylo-Monteomer Ciifi Mane Saint Nisei Patrick RArNTREE COUNTY (A) at 12 30. 3 -55. 7.30 LIVERPOOL THEATRES LIVERPOOL PLAVHOLSE.

CRoyal S363 1 Etenines Mod to Frl it 735 pa Matinee Tbirsday 2.30 Saturday 45 4 ia -THE DESPERATE HOURS." 9th September HOB-SON'S CHOICE." Box OTice to- open NEW SHAKESPEARE THEATRE. North 0036. Open to the punlic tveDinss 730, Sat. 5 30 a 130 Wlulam RuiiHl sod Sbeila Burntl. GEORGE DILLON." September 16.

Sandy Wilton's New Musical VALMOCTH." WorM Premiere Scarrir BERTRICE READING LONDON THEATRES HER MAJESTY'-S. CWbt 6606 1 -F 7 30 Sat. 5 30. 30 Wed 2 30 Brian Reecc tn The Tunnel ot Lore. Ir kept tbe a'lov noose having Peosie HIPPODROME mill Be the' TALK OF THE TOWN (rom SEPTEMBER 11.

where BERNARD DELFONT p'esen-s Dining. Dsnctni and Spectacular ROBERT sfcSBITT Rcut. REGENT SOJlT LYRIC. Il'smltb. R.r iijl 7 30.

Sat. 8 30 Th 3. Marlowe Soeiery. EDWARD IL Must cad Sept 6 LYRIC. (Ge- J6S6 1 Em 7.43 Stu 5.IS snd 1 30 Mitt Tjei 2 30 EUrahet't SesL sleith Michell ia IRMA La DOUCE.

Musical. NEW. (Tem 3S7E Ess St 8 Mats. Tues 2 30 Sirs st 5 30. A 30 CHARLES LAUGHTOV Efts Lanchester ra THE PARTyT Sexton opens Sept.

17. eMA.RY STUART (trans Stephen sSncert Oct 8. Shakespeare's JULIUS CAESAR. Boo kins now open Sae lor to weeks proiratnme PALACE. (Ger 6834 to Frl.

8 0. Sat 5 30. 8 JO. Norman Wisdom WHERE'S CHARLEY 1 The best American mus.cal since Oklahoma." S. Times PALLADIUM rtSer.

7373 Erf st 6 15 snd S.45. Mats Sst 2-40 Hsrrj Secomoe. Ter-y-Thnmas. etc in t-t new Rercslesl LARGE AS LIFE. PHOENIX.

(Tern S611J 7 30 2.30 SSI Lesley Siorm's new comedy ROAR LIKE A DOVE. A reand.ns sett-erideal hn" Tynsn Obsersc-" MJVC5 WA" WTil. 8681 Special Franlce Vauahan Film Season. ttONDERFLX THLNGs!" ROYAL COURT. tSlo 1745.) Ptsi 8 Ma sraV-r, i15' Msto'sariara: Speaairit ol M.rd.r.

Wow Dry Li A0II-1 Eus 8. Sst 5.15. 8.10. Mit Wed 230 Paul Scotie'J in EXPRESSO SOSCO. lit best musical of thenar SAOY.

(Tern 8688) Last week. Etjs 7 30 S. 5 1811" OP MARY DVGAff. CaaTc ab" STRAND. CTe-n 266o.

Etsi 7 JO. Sit. 515 IJO W. 2 40 FOR ADULTS A New "Bnuia-vtly funny Msfl "Uproanocst-" E7Ne VALDFAILLE. (Tern 471 Erti I.

Tti-30. akf.lS.RAJLADDAYa. MoitcalbT 'eiSe stRcSds. RESTORED SECTION OF HI JAGUAR WORKS DECORATED THROUGHOUT WITH DRYNAMELS PAINTS DRYNAMELS LIMITED hall gbesn "-f Birmingham A Company im Ikt Tube Imtstmcnts Croup.