The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 13

THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN, SATURDAY, JUNE 23, 1934 13 STREET FIGHTS AT BRISTOL DRASTIC NEW GERMAN EXCHANGE REGULATIONS THE TEST England's Good Recovery SOME CHINESE PROBLEMS I. Economic IMMENSE FIELD FOR British Warning on Import Restrictions U.S. TAKES A NOTABLE STEP AT GENEVA Joining the Labour Organisation UNANIMOUS INVlfATION FROM THE CONFERENCE Yesterday's Scene of Enthusiasm tFROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENTS BERLIN INVITED TO DISCUSS LOAN MORATORIUM IN LONDON British financial dealings with Germany will be further affected by drastic new regulations for the allotment of foreign exchange which were announced by the Reichsbank last night. They will come into force on Monday. The regulations state that no more foreign exchange will henceforth he handed out than is received on each day.

Allotments will not be the same for all demands and countries. The first consideration will be paid to safeguarding the need for raw materials and foodstuffs. The allotment makes it necessary, it is stated, that all clearance payments abroad henceforth must be submitted to the Reichsbank for approval. All payments abroad by postal money order, which have been permitted up to fifty marks monthly, have been forbidden (adds Reuter) under the new-regulations. BRITISH INVITATION TO GERMANY Up to last night Germany had not replied to the invitation, contained in a Note dispatched on Wednesday to Merr Hitler Government, to send at once accredited representatives to London to discuss the German decision to suspend from July 1 the payment of interest on the Dawes and Young loans.

last night as a White Paper, with the vjerman xote on me xransier proniem, to which it was a reply. The German Note, which was dated June 15, declared: Germany desires to pay heT debts. This is only possible to the extent to which the creditor countries open additional markets. If the creditor countries are unwilling or unable to do this, they cannot at the same time advance the impossible demand for the unchanged transfer of debts. The German Government would also be glad to discuss any remedial measures which it might be possible to adopt by way of agreement regarding additional Bales of German goods provided that it is Iearly understood from the outset that genuine additional goods are in question should the British Government consider such discussions of practical value.

GiaravA, June 22. The United States of America have joined the International Labour Organisation, or at least they, will have joined it when the President of the United States has formally accepted the invitation unanimously given by the Conference this afternoon, and it is known that he will. At the meeting of the Conference this morning Mr. Butler, Director of the International Labour Office, read a communication that he had received from Mr. Prentiss Gilbert, United States Consul General in Geneva.

Mr. Gilbert officially communicated to the Conference the joint resolution of Congress signed by the President of the United States on June 19, authorising the President to accept membership for the Government of the United States of America in the International Labour Organisation. Among the "considerations" of the resolution were the following Whereas other nations have joined the International Labour Organisation without being members of the League of Nations, and whereas special provision has been maijj in the constitution of the International Labour Organisation by which membership of the United States could not impose or be deemed to impose an obligation or agreement upon the United States to accept the proposals of that body as involving anything more than recommendations for its consideration. The resolution further stipulated that "in accepting such membership the President Bhall assume on behalf of the United States no obligation under the Covenant of the League of Nations." A GREAT TURNING-POINT After reading the text of the resolution and Mr. Gilbert's covering letter, Mr.

Butler said that hs understood that the United States Government would be disposed to consider favourably an invitation to accept membership to the International Labour Organisation. Ha was sure that the conference would warmly welcome this important communication, which marked a great turning-point in the history of the Organisation. The President of the Conference, M. Justin Godart, said that he was sure that all the delegates would be highly gratified at the prospect of collaboration with the United States, whose entry into the Organisation would be a new force of organisation and progress. Short speeches welcoming what Mr.

Leggett (Great Britain) described as "this great news" were made by the Government delegates of the British Empire, Canada, Mexico, Denmark, Cuba, and Japan, and by Mr. Oersted (Denmark) on behalf of the employers' delegates, and Mr. Mertens (Belgium) on behalf of the workers' delegates. There was a scene of enthusiasm when, after the unanimous passing of the resolution of invitation, the delegation of observers of the United States entered the conference. The delegates rose in their places to receive them and applauded loudly.

The President anticipated the reply of Mr. Roosevelt by calling on Mr. Andrews, Government delegate of the United States," to address the Conference. One of the American delegates spoke of the occasion as an historic one, and Mr. Butler said the day was a proud and happy one for him and for anybody who had the interests of the I.L.O.

at heart. To-day's event is a great success for Mr. Butler, for his visit to the United States this year was undoubtedly the most important factor in bringing it about. The text ol the resolution of invitation passed at the afternoon session and the speeches are reported on page 17.1 FRANCE'S REPRISAL PLAN IF NEGOTIATIONS FAIL Swiss Cabinet Rejects an Agreement 40 PERSONS PINNED UNDER TENT Gale Damage in the North of England Twelve Men Injured FASCIST MEETING DISORDERS Twelve men were injured in a fight between forty Fascists and a hundred and fifty Communists in Bristol last night. Seven persons were arrested.

Members of the Bristol branch of the British Union of Fascists held a meeting at the Eopewalk in the heart of a Labour district. As the meeting ended and the Fascists formed up to march away the Communist group, who had been interrupting the meeting, rushed at them, it is and in a moment a fierce fight took place in which the women of both organisations were involved. The Fascists made a ring round their womenfolk, but the police, who were present in small numbers, were powerless to stop the fight. A motor-cyclist patrol went to the central station for further reinforcements. The police arrested a small group of demonstrators, and immediately their comrades made an attempt to set them at liberty.

At this point the Black-shirts joined the forces of the police until extra police reinforcements arrived. By this time many men had been injured, two of whom had to be taken to hospital. One policeman was badly hurt. When order had been restored the Fascists formed up, and the police cleared the streets while they marched through the city towards their headquarters. At the tramway centre, however, a further fight began when one of the Blackshirts, whose head was swathed in bandages, got into the rear of his main contingent and suddenly became involved in a hand-to-hand fight with the crowd.

He was forced to the ground, and his fellow-Blackehirts, turning back, fought their way to him and carried him back into the procession. The procession then continued to the accompaniment of a jeering crowd back to its headquarters. THE FASCISTS' PHILOSOPHER Vatican Ban Vatican City, June 22. The Congregation of the Holy Office to-day placed on the Index all the works of Benedetto Croce and Giovanni Gentile, the two foremost philosophical thinkers of modern Italy. Croce, now in his eixty-ninth year, is condemned on account of his general anti- Catholic attitude, but he has also been a noted philosophical critic of Fascism, and on one occasion Fascists broke into his house in Naples and; smashed his furniture.

Gentile, on the other hand, who is also condemned as an anti-Catholic philoso- Eher, entered the Fascist camp after eginning as a disciple of Croce and became Mussolini's first Minister of Public Instruction. He is responsible for the present educational system of Italy, and his ideas have had an incalculable influence on the younger generation of Italians. It was on his suggestion that the Ministry of Public Instruction was renamed Ministry of Education. The Vatican protested that it was presumption on the part of the Government to assume the responsibility of "education," this being the province of parents and, of course, the Roman Church. All the civil power could do was to instruct." Gentile stuck to his guns, however, and the change was made.

The condemnation of the two authors came as great surprise this evening. It is thought the Vatican may have taken the step to demonstrate its political impartiality after its ban of the works of Altred the Nazi party's "spiritual director" of German youth'. Iieuter. I LAM HALL Offered as a Gift to Stoke-on-Trent Ham Hall, the beautiful Staffordshire mansion, and 20 acres of lovely grounds and woodlands surrounding it, have been offered to the Stoke-on-Trent Corporation as a free gift by Mr. Robert MeDougall, of Chea'dle Hulme, the donor to the National Trust, of many acres of Dovedale.

Mr. MeDougall has made onlv one condition to the offer, and that is that the hall and land shall be so used by the Corporation that it shall not detract in any way from the beauty of the lower entrance to Dovedale. The hail, which has been one of the show places of Staffordshire, was built in 1B21 and is in an excellent state ol repair. It is understood that Mr. MeDougall has already saved it from demolition.

The offer will be considered bv the Stoke-on-Trent City Council next Thursday. If the offer is accepted it is understood the Corporation will utilise the hall and grounds for a tuberculosis colony; on the lines of Wrenbury Hall, Cheshire. About one hundred and fifty patients could be transferred to the colony immediately it is ready. Drainage and sewerage problems would have to be solved, but it is understood they do not present any great difficulty. Ham Hall for a few months wa3 used as a youth hostel, but has recently been unoccupied.

NORWICH THEATRE BURNT OUT Flames Fanned by Gale Little more than the walls was left after a fire at the Norwich Theatre Royal yesterday. The theatre was erected early in the. nineteenth century. A variety company which was playing there this week lost many of their properties. The fire was noticed by an attendant on duty in the' box' office, wbo gave the The flames spread rapidly, aided by half a gale, LEYLAND AND AMES weather forecast: Fair early.

ENGLAND 293 for five. England made a good recovery in the second Test match, which began at Lord's yesterday, for after losing five wickets for 182 another. Ill runs were added without loss before stumps were drawn, at which point Leyland, of Yorkshire, had made" 95 not out, ana Ames, of Kent, 44 not out. Thanks to Walters, the innings opened well, but Sutcliffe, who scored only eight runs in the first hour, fell with the total 70, and eight runs later Hammond was also out. Both these wickets were taken by Chipperfield.

At lunch the score was 82 for two, and only 21 more had been added when Hendren found 13 indeed unlucky. Walters's excellent innings came to a close at 130, of which he had scored 82, and when Wyatt, the captain, was out at 182 England were in a dangerous position. It was at this point that Leyland and Ames became associated, and after tea the Australian attack was at last treated on its merits. Two fours took Leyland to his half-century, after which he hit Chipperfield over the ropes and then drove him for two fours in one over. Leyland and Ames, in partnership, got 100 runs in 100 minutes, and England emerged from the first day's play in a much happier position than had appeared probable two hours earlier.

B.B.C. BROADCASTS FROM LORD'S Brief running commentaries will be broadcast to-day as the state of the game demands it between midday and 5 15 from Daventry National, and between midday and six o'clock from all other National transmitters, the ordinary programmes beinsr interrunted for the'nurnose. In addition there will be brief eye witness accounts irom nit national transmitters between 1 30 and 1 40; 4 30 and 4 40; and at 6 26. Cricketer's description of the play and scores on page 18. TWICKENHAM NO CHANGE Sixty per Cent Poll Polling took place yesterday in the Twickenham by-election, caused by the death of Mr.

It. H. Murray-Philipsoh, the Conservative member. The result was declared last niglit as follows Brig. Gen.

A. C. Crltchley 26,395 Mr. Percy Holman (Lab.) 19,890 C. maj 6,505 No change.

Sixty per cent of the electorate polled. PREVIOUS RESULTS Bj election, 1952: II. B. MurrayPbilfptOD (Nat C.I 21,688 P. Ualmin Lb.) 16.881 Nit.

O. SUJ 4.807 1931: Sir Fenruron iC. P. Holmu (Isb.) 39.161 13.763 Con majority 25,358 1929: sir W. Jojmon-tlicii (C.) 21.0B7 T.

J. Hmoq (Lab.) 15,121 F. G. Piterum 7,246 Com. majority 5,966 Elaborate: Men, Women, 39.60.

THE TWO VIEWS OF THE RESULT Interviewed after the result had been declared, Brigadier-General Critchley said Twickenham had called for a strong aefence and emphatically demanded nn increase in the Air navy, and army, to prevent this country from becom-inc embroiled in anv Euronean entfl.ni?!- ments." They had sent hope out to the whole Empire, and had called for a firm hand in dealing with the Indian question. Their verdict was one of most heartening encouragement to the National Government, it was a smashing blow to me aueuipi, oi me coperaiors to get control of the Government for their own selfish ends. The private trader would iaKe iresn courage irom the verdict. Mr. P.

Holman, the unsuccessful candidate, said, In a short campaign there was no time fully to explain Labour policy. The panic propaganda of my ODDonent in favour of increased arma ments confused the electors, but it has round tittle support amonir the electors generally The enthusiasm of our workers and supporters has greatly encouraged me. The future is bright tor laoour, ana we must now go aneaa at tne next opportunity, wnicn is likely to come A LIBERAL PROTEST When Mr. William Forrest, president of the Twickenham Divisional Liberal Association, bad recorded his vote yesterday afternoon he handed to one of Brigadier General Critchley's representatives his poll-card, on which he had written: Although I have taken no part in this election and. had decided to abstain from voting, I have voted for your opponent, as a protest against the action of your stewards last night in their unprovoked attack on Mr.

Goldstone. Mr. Goldstone is a prominent local Liberal, who was attacked the disorder which occurred at the end of the Conservatives' final meeting on Thursdav night- and struck in the face. Several free fight took place in the ODen snace outside the hall. THE FORTY-FOURTH BY-ELECTION Twickenham was the forty-fourth by-election since the general election of 1931.

There have been no Conservative gains. but six Labour gains at Wakefield, wedsesDury, rtotnernam, nasi jrninam. North Hammersmith, and' Upton (West Ham). Two by-elections are still pending at Weston-super-Mare and Fermanagh and Tyrone. 'PLANE CRASHES IN FOG The pilot of an RAF.

aeroplane was injured slightly when the machine crashed in a field at Winlaton Mill, Durham, during rain and fog yesterday. He was travelling Catterick to TJsworth. and having lost' his: way- had to make a forced landing in a field. After landing, the. 'plane' crashed into hedge, but was only slightly damaged.

DEVELOPMENT Capital Guarantees By Sir Arthur Salter. China is in some respects the principal enigma in the world's economic future. Her population of some four hundred millions is larger than that of the whole of Europe, except Bussia, and comprises one-fifth of all the inhabitants of the globe. She has proved capable of a high and stable civilisation, and the intellectual qualities of her best-educated classes compare favourably with the ablest of any Western countiy. Her people are hardy, industrious, nnd capable of the highest industrial skill.

Yet the average standard of living is perhaps lower than that of any country which has developed a real civilisation, and her external trade only accounts for about 2 per cent of the foreign trade of the world. Here, prima facie, is an oDnor- tunity if the basic conditions of uoli- tical order and pence could be secured of a more rapid economic advance, of a more productive nse of capital, of a more important addition to world markets than any other region of the world presents. INCREASING STABILITY And in snite of the conflict with apan, of dragging, indecisive fighting with the Communist State in Kiangsi, and of continued struggles between rival factions in Szechuen and the north-west important nrotrress towards internal stability has been made in the last few years. Excent in the regions just mentioned each province has a Government which is able to maintain order without serious fighting; these Governments are, in general, content with the area over which they exercise authority, and are neither planning the invasion of others nor aiming at tne prize ot central government; the influence and authority of the national Government of Nanking are extending; the stage of successive struutrlp between rival war lords may be past, or almost past. Supposing that this peace are achieved and maintained, iiuw mr are ine prima-lacie expectations of China's economic advance justified 1 The answer to this question it obviously of the first importance.

A substantial increase in the standard of living of four hundred millions would in itself be no mean addition to the sum total of human happiness. But the external effects would be scarcely less important. As we survey in retrospect the rapid rise and later decline of our competitive capitalist system we cannot fail to be struck with the fact that its earlier period of prosperity was largely due to the constant opening of new markets. Without such new outlets the system becomes congested. The outlets are closing Scarcely anywhere is there the possibility of a new one which is comparable to that of the increased purchasing power of four hundred millions whose needs, except the barest, are now unsatisfied We Bhall only find the answer by considering the main features of China's economy.

It will, think, modify though not entirely destroy, the prima' facie expectations with which we start. LIMITED PURCHASING POWER The first and fundamental fact in China's situation is the extreme congestion of population in her fertile areas. This basic factor need not prevent a real advance from the present standards, but it will limit it, and afc the same time it will limit the extent of China's ability to buy either at home or abroad. me illustrate this fact and its consequences from the province of Chekiang, to which I recently headed a mission of inquiry. The difficulfte.

tfe are to be found also in the rest taina. indeed, the province is in several respects more fortunate than the averazn. Tt- Innrl lertiie; it has known no serious fight- rci jiujcub 1m aevotinp- considemhln offrwf. economic reconstruction if. nrmln.

large proportion of China's principal v-isr-ous tea. And yet its poverty has reached almost the lowest DOint eomnn.t.hla of human hfe; its trade, internal as asrawraai, is or extremely small dimensions The present degree of distress IB due in nar.A nesa of government, to a wasteful and onerous system of land taxation, and iicacwnns or tne world depression. Bug it f-f to which progress would be limited even if these special causes were removed. A -fear f-- show this. There is an agrarian popu- T- i square mile of cultivated land.

The inevitable result 13 ttlflt r.hp rr 1 so small that it can ttnjy produce a very 4tmsi.il A 1 .1 wvuiia tne xooa require- i vuiu.o.ur sua nis own Tfl riff, I rol. oi 2 estimated at 8785,000,000, of which rice alon acconnts for arid food as 8863.000,000. Nevertheless, Ctoekiamy produces less rica- and less food as a wnole ttian it consumes. THE LINE OF PROGRESS Now the ccasanf. sinlo industrial Roods, whether fmm iLm.i1 or from Chinese factories, by selling margin oi nis food over what he consumes or pay9 in: rent.

ta provide a substantial market for.either vninese or loreign wtlurtry, therefore, this margin must be increased It cannot -be liter pAmrA Ki 1 vanarj tan ont not per unit otlandi and in Chiha," generally, as in; CMtMng, The Note concluded with a strong protest against the application of "methods of coercion," such as the British clearing-house plan in much the same terms as the srjeech. reported in yesterday's "Manchester Guardian, of JJr. bchacht, the President of the Reichsbank. A WARNING TO GERMANY Sir John Simon, in the course of his reply, which quotes some remarkable figures given to the British creditors in the recent Berlin conference on Germany's loans, says: The facts of the situation inevitably give the impression that the policy of Germany is to claim that no foreicn resources are available to meet the Bervice of her loans and then to apply the resources which should have been used in meetinc that service to the repurchase of her loana at the low prices resulting irom deiault. The British Note complains of the recent additional German restrictions on British imports, notably on cotton and other yarns, and warns Berlin that the existing favourable terms given to German goods cannot continue in face of such restrictions and the denial oi the just claims of British bondholders, After referrinc to the clearinK-house powers which the British Government are taking to deal with the loans default, the JNote declares: The British Government are prepared to discuss forthwith with the German Govern.

ment the possibility of reaching an agree ment regarding the protection of British creditors which would avoid the necessity of an exchange clearing altogether, or, alternatively, the means by which suoh a clearing can be administered with the minimum disturbance to the trade of both countries. The Note adds that the extent of the protection of British financial and com mercial interests will depend on any arrangement which the German Government may see fit to make with other countries, and the British Government reserve the right to take such steps as will nrevent anv material discrimination against British Extracts from the two Notes will found on another page. be the contingency of failure will ensure the transfer of such sums as will be paid in marks by Germany, and that an tne technical aspects of the scheme have already been worked out in detail by the Government experts. A tentative agreement between Germany and Switzerland arising out of the transfer negotiations in Berlin was referred to the Swiss Cabinet yesterday ana rejected. it; was decided to continue the negotiations (adds Reuter), and fresh instructions were' given to the ewiss negotiator.

The Swedish Government has appointed a delegation of three to conduct, if possible, negotiations with Germany regarding the transfer moratorium. IvVOMAN'S PLUNGE INTO SEA Lifeboat Rescue Arish Mill Gap, a small beach near Lul worth, Dorset, was the scene of a remarkable incident yesterday. A woman stated to be a patient in a hospital, who was sitting quietly on the beach, suddenly sprang to her feet and plunged into the rough water. She swam powerfully out to sea and vanished round the corner of a cliff 300 feet high. Coastguards were called out and two parties made a perilous journey round the face of the cliff through the breakers.

The woman came ashore at an almost inaccessible cove, and as she could not be reached from the land the authorities called out the Weymouth lifeboat. The lifeboat was at first unable to approach the woman owing to rough seas. After considerable delay the lifesavers succeeded in rescuing the woman by going round the face of the cliff on a lifeline. At times the rescue party were up to their necks in water. The woman appeared to be little the worse for her adventure, and after shaking hands with her reEcuers she drove off in a car with hospital attendants.

on both sides of the border. In Louth and Monagban droves of beasts are mustered from all over Ireland to be smuggled into the North, and thieves find it easy to slip over, pick out half a dozen beasts and run them over the border, where they sell them. The owners may complain to the Civic Guards, but the latter can do little, though there were half a dozen men of the Southern Civic Guards in one County Armagh fair recently looking for animal a stolen in the' Free State. Another method of thieving is now also practised A dealer engages men to "ran" his cattle over the border, where he intends take charge of them end eell them. He sees the cattle start, but in a few hours the drovers return, telling him that the Northern police have seized them.

The fact is that the smugglers have simply driven the animals into the North and there handed them over to their-crira friends for disposal, A gale swept the North of England yesterday and on the east coast was accompanied by heavy rain. Forty people were pinned under the canvas of a large tent when it was blown down at Bootle. A number of cripples who were attending a faith-healing mission which was being held in the tent by Pastor Jeffreys had to be assisted out, and three people were taken to Bootle General Hospital with injuries and detained. Thick wooden poles which supported the tent snapped like matchwood, and the canvas fell on the heads of people sitting in seats before the platform. A woman and a baby had a narrow escape from serious injury at Mellor, near Blackburn, when a large ash tree by the eide of the road was blown down.

Miss Alice Kenyon was wheeling a neighbour's baby in a perambulator along the road when the tree fell a few feet in front of her. The woman and the perambulator were entangled in a web of over sixty telegraph wires brought down by the tree. WINDMILL IN DANGER The centuries-old windmill on Bidstou Hill, Wirral, was threatened by the gale, which set the Eails turning for the first time in twenty years. The wind uprooted the anchor of the sails and the building was in danger of collapse until officials managed to throw a rope over the eails and anchor them again. One of the largest yachts in the Royal Yorkshire Yacht Club, Lily Maud, owned by Mr.

R. Winn, Leeds, was towed into Two further developments in the German loans moratorium controversy occurred last night. The French Government, which has invited Berlin to joint discussions on the subject, let it be known that measures have been drawn up for recovering the interest on the Dawes and Young loans, and that if no agreement is reached with the German Government by July 1 for the continuance of transfers those measures the nature of which is kept secret will be enforced. No further payment by Germany is due until July 15, so there is still time for agreement to be reached but it is declared that France's plan to meet 16 IN HOSPITAL Belladonna Poisoning Suspected Twenty-seven members of the staff of a Newcastle firm of manufacturing chemists weTe taken to Newcastle Infirmary yesterday suffering, it is believed, from the effects of belladonna poisoning. Five men and eleven women were detained.

Symptoms of poisoning became apparent among the staff of the firm, Messrs. Hall and Forster, shortly after drinking afternoon tea. Some of the staff became dizzy and sick, and were weak about the knees and unable to support themselves. A police sergeant was called, and five ambulances were summoned and the whole staff, except one man, was taken to the infirmary. Doctors there stated that the symptoms were those of belladonna poisoning.

So ill did some of those affected look that spectators thought they had been gassed. Among those seriously affected was the managing director, Mr. J. H. Forster.

The police are investigating the matter, and have taken possession of the cups used at tea and also of samples of the ingredients of the tea and of the water. Bridlington Harbour by the pleasure steamer Yorkshireman, which had hundreds of passengers aboard. The pleasure steamer found the yacht being driven by a severe south-westerly gale out to sea. Captain Cowperthwaite, of the Yorkshireman, said We were returning to Bridlington Harbour with a crowd ot passengers when two miles 60uth-east of bmethwick Buoy, off Flamborough Head, we saw the Lily Maud in trouble. She was unable to make any headway against the gale with her engines going full ahead.

If sails had been put up they would have been torn to shreds bv the strong wind. The skipper of Lily Maud signalled us, and we took them in tow." HEAVY RAINFALL At Filey a tree, seventy feet high, was blown down in the Ravine and fell across the road, blocking all traffic from the town to the sands and the promenade for some time. The wind did great damage to fruit trees. The district also had the heaviest rain for many weeks, half an inch being recorded. The heaviest rainfall for ten weeks fell at Bridlington overnight, when one-third of an inch was recorded.

This brings the total fall at Bridlington this week to halt an inch. In the villages the rain was welcome, and was gathered in buckets both for drinking and washing. At South Shields 0.63in. of rain had been recorded in 24 hours. The Home Secretary (Sir John Gilmour) and Lady Gilmour had a stormy passage to the Isle of (Man when crossing from Liverpool to ooen the new Douglas gardens and promenade.

The Ben-my- nreo iook live nours on tne passage instead of the usual three and a half. away from Parliament the effect of the medical advice is, therefore, that he should take an extra month. The Prime Minister will be accompanied on his holiday by Miss Ishbel MacDonald. Yesterday morning the Prime Minister attended the House of Com-tnonst In the afternoon he had arranged to be at the Test match as the guest of Lord Cromer. He will be at the House of Commons again on Monday.

Several times since 1929 the Premier's eyesight has given, cause for anxiety. In February, 1932, he underwent an operation for glaucoma of the left eye. By the middle of April of that year the right eye had become affected, and after visiting Geneva for the Disarmament Conference, where Lord Horder anil Sir TtntrJPl1o. attendance upon him, he underwent an operation on tne right eye. Both operations were successful.

FOREIGN TELEGRAMS ON PAGE i7. Rural Industries in Germany. US. Labour and the LL.O. Austrian Trials.

PREMIER TO TAKE LONG HOLIDAY Lord Horder's Letter CATTLE-THIEVING IN IRELAND Gangs Whicb Prey on Smugglers at the Northern Border (From onr Correspondent.) The Prime Minister is, as reported in our London Correspondence, to take an early holiday, it being feared that his eyesight has become strained. Lord Horder, his physician, on Thursday addressed the following personal letter to him. My dear Prime Minister, You were probably not surprised to learn from Sir Stewart Duke-Elder the Premier's oculist, yesterday, that there has been a retrograds movement in respect of the condition of your eyes during the past three months. "This deterioration Is due to strain incident upon excessive use of the eyes for reading papers relative to public business, and riot to any defect in your genera health. The surprise is, of course, not that this relapse has happened now but that it has not happened before a testimony to the success of the operations undertaken during 1332.

The indication is clear; you require three consecutive months of relative freedom from the use of your eyes for near purposes. Givsn this respite there is every reason for believing tnat the position will adjust itself. You will doubtless agree that it is only by spending the greater part of those three, months abroad that your eyes can secure the rst they need. Yours sincerely, 7 The Parliamentary vacation would fhfi Prime months Belfast, Friday. Systematic cattle-tbieving has developed from the smuggling that now regularly takes place across the Free State-IIortbem Ireland border, and the smugglers are finding themselves faced with even more dangerous opponents than Customs authorities.

MISTAKEN FOR POLICE Smuggler; may be running cattle over in the dead of night when out of the darkness loom shadowy figures wearing peaked caps and lone coats. "Halt!" is the order, and the smugglers doah back for the Free State. Threatening shouts faastpn them on. and the supposed "police" officers, who are in reality a gang of thieves, take charge of the cattle, which are then driven to some convenient fair or farm. Cattie-cteslisg is becoming common.